Windows: Чистим контекстное меню

Microsoft added new entries to the File Explorer context menu in Windows 10 that some users of the operating system may like, and others may call bloat.

If you right-click on files in the most recent release build of Windows 10, the Creators Update, you get up to three additional context menu items.

You may get “Edit with Paint 3D” to edit an image with the built-in Paint 3D application, a “Cast to Device” entry to cast the media file to another device, and the “Share” entry which opens the Share UI of Windows 10 when selected.

Windows 10 Insider systems feature an “Edit with Photos” entry on top of that. That’s three edit options for images on Windows 10 in the context menu without any option to disable these entries.

Note: I recommend that you create a backup of the Registry before you make any changes to it. This allows you to restore the state before any editing. You can use a program like Erunt or RegBak for that, or with a right-click on any key (those on the left side) that is linked to adding, changing, or deleting values or entries, and selecting export.

Remove Windows 10 Context Menu bloat

Edit with Paint 3D

Paint 3D was included in the Windows 10 Creators Update. It is a modernized version of the classic Paint application that comes with a new UI, as an application, and ships with new features such as 3D functionality.

There is only one situation where the “Edit with Paint 3D” entry in the context menu makes sense: when you use a different default image editor for editing, but use Paint 3D sometimes for editing jobs. Even then it is possible to use “open with” instead to open the image in Paint 3D.

One issue that you will encounter when it comes to the removal of the context menu entry is that it is mapped to different file extensions, and that you need to remove Registry keys for each file extension individually to remove Paint 3D completely from the context menu.

To remove Edit with Paint 3D, do the following

delete edit with 3d paint

  • Tap on the Windows-key on the computer keyboard, type regedit.exe and tap on the Enter-key to open the Windows Registry Editor.
  • Confirm the UAC prompt.
  • Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\SystemFileAssociations\.bmp\Shell
  • Right-click on  3D Edit, and select Delete.
  • Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\SystemFileAssociations\.gif\Shell
  • Right-click on  3D Edit, and select Delete.
  • Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\SystemFileAssociations\.jpg\Shell
  • Right-click on  3D Edit, and select Delete.
  • Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\SystemFileAssociations\.jpeg\Shell
  • Right-click on  3D Edit, and select Delete.
  • Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\SystemFileAssociations\.png\Shell
  • Right-click on  3D Edit, and select Delete.
  • If you notice the “Edit with Paint 3D” entry next to any other image type, repeat the process outlined above for it. All you need to do is go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\SystemFileAssociations\, click on the image file type, then on Shell to delete the 3D Edit value.

Edit with Photos

Edit with Photos is a new context menu option that is not part of the Creators Update version of Windows 10. It shows up in the latest Windows 10 Insider Builds that showcase features that will likely be part of the Fall Creators Update out later this year.

Read also:  KB4015552, KB4015553 April Previews for Windows 7 and 8.1

If you don’t use the Photos application to edit images on Windows 10, you may want to remove the entry from the File Explorer context menu.

To remove Edit with Photos, do the following

remove edit with photos

  • Tap on the Windows-key on the computer keyboard, type regedit.exe and tap on the Enter-key to open the Windows Registry Editor.
  • Confirm the UAC prompt.
  • Go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\AppX43hnxtbyyps62jhe9sqpdzxn1790zetc\Shell\ShellEdit
  • Right-click on ShellEdit, and select New > String value.
  • Name it ProgrammaticAccessOnly.

Cast to Device

If you don’t use the casting functionality of Windows 10, you have no need for the Cast to Device entry in the File Explorer context menu.

Basically, what it allows you to do is stream media files to devices that support Miracast or DLNA.

To remove Cast to Device, do the following

remove cast to device windows 10

  1. Tap on the Windows-key on the computer keyboard, type regedit.exe and tap on the Enter-key to open the Windows Registry Editor.
  2. Confirm the UAC prompt.
  3. Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Shell Extensions
  4. If there is no Blocked key under Shell Extensions, right-click on Shell Extensions and select New > Key. Name the key Blocked.
  5. Right-click on Blocked, and select New > String Value.
  6. Name it {7AD84985-87B4-4a16-BE58-8B72A5B390F7}
  7. Double-click on the newly created String value, and change the Value data field to Play to menu.
  8. The change takes effect when you log out and on, restart the PC, or restart the Windows Explorer process.

Tip: To restore the “Cast to Device” entry in the Windows 10 context menu, go to the Blocked key in the Registry, right-click on {7AD84985-87B4-4a16-BE58-8B72A5B390F7} and select delete from the menu that opens.

Share

Share may not be active on all systems by default. It is on by default in recent Windows 10 Insider Builds. You may use it to share files using the built-in Windows 10 share functionality.

To remove Share, do the following

remove share context menu

  • Tap on the Windows-key on the computer keyboard, type regedit.exe and tap on the Enter-key to open the Windows Registry Editor.
  • Confirm the UAC prompt.
  • Go to HKEY_Classes_ROOT\*\shellex\ContextMenuHandlers\
  • Right-click on Modern Sharing, and select Delete from the context menu.

Отключение SMB 1.0 на стороне клиента

Отключение SMB 1.0 на стороне клиента

Отключив SMB 1.0 на стороне сервера, мы добились того, что клиенты не смогут подключаться к нему по этому протоколу. Однако, они могут использовать устаревший протокол для доступа к сторонним (в том числе внешним) ресурсам. Чтобы отключить поддержку SMB v1 на стороне клиента, выполните команды:

sc.exe config lanmanworkstation depend= bowser/mrxsmb20/nsi
sc.exe config mrxsmb10 start= disabled


Итак, отключив поддержку устаревшего SMB 1.0 на стороне клиентов и серверов вы полостью защитите свою сеть от всех известных и пока не найденных уязвимостей в нем. А уязвимости в Microsoft Server Message Block 1.0 находят довольно регулярно. Последняя существенная уязвимость в SMBv1, позволяющая злоумышленнику удаленно выполнить произвольный код, была исправлена в марте 2017 года.

Отключение SMB 1.0 на стороне сервера

Отключение SMB 1.0 на стороне сервера

Протокол SMB 1.0 может быть отключен как на стороне клиента, так и на стороне сервера. На стороне сервера протокол SMB 1.0 обеспечивает доступ к сетевым папкам SMB (файловым шарам) по сети, а на стороне клиента – нужен для подключения к таким ресурсам.

С помощью следующей команды PowerShell проверим включен ли протокол SMB1 на стороне сервера:

Get-SmbServerConfiguration

Как вы видите, значение переменной EnableSMB1Protocol = True.

Итак, отключим поддержку данного протокола:

Set-SmbServerConfiguration -EnableSMB1Protocol $false -Force

И с помощью командлета Get-SmbServerConfiguration убедимся, что протокол SMB1 теперь выключен.


Чтобы полностью удалить драйвер, обрабатывающий доступ клиентов по протоколу SMB v1, выполните следующую команду:

Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName SMB1Protocol -Remove

Осталось перезагрузить систему и убедиться, что поддержка протокола SMB1 полностью отключена.

Get-WindowsOptionalFeature –Online -FeatureName SMB1Protocol

Отключение SMBv1

Совет. Прямые ссылки на патчи для исправления уязвимости под снятые с поддержки системы:

Windows XP SP3 x86 RUS — http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsxp-kb4012598-x86-custom-rus_84397f9eeea668b975c0c2cf9aaf0e2312f50077.exe

Windows XP SP3 x86 ENU — http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsxp-kb4012598-x86-custom-enu_eceb7d5023bbb23c0dc633e46b9c2f14fa6ee9dd.exe

Windows XP SP2 x64 RUS — http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x64-custom-enu_f24d8723f246145524b9030e4752c96430981211.exe

Windows XP SP2 x64 ENU — http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x64-custom-enu_f24d8723f246145524b9030e4752c96430981211.exe

Windows Server 2003 x86 RUS — http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x86-custom-rus_62e38676306f9df089edaeec8924a6fdb68ec294.exe

Windows Server 2003 x86 ENU — http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x86-custom-enu_f617caf6e7ee6f43abe4b386cb1d26b3318693cf.exe

Windows Server 2003 x64 RUS – http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x64-custom-rus_6efd5e111cbfe2f9e10651354c0118517cee4c5e.exe

Windows Server 2003 x64 ENU — http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x64-custom-enu_f24d8723f246145524b9030e4752c96430981211.exe

Windows 8 x86 — http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/05/windows8-rt-kb4012598-x86_a0f1c953a24dd042acc540c59b339f55fb18f594.msu

Windows 8 x64 — http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/05/windows8-rt-kb4012598-x64_f05841d2e94197c2dca4457f1b895e8f632b7f8e.msu
Отключение SMB v 1.0

Простым и действенным способом защиты от уязвимости является полное отключение протокола SMB 1.0 на клиентах и серверах. В том случае, если в вашей сети не осталось компьютеров с Windows XP или Windows Server 2003, это можно выполнить с помощью команды

dism /online /norestart /disable-feature /featurename:SMB1Protocol

для Win 8 в PowerShell:
Set-SmbServerConfiguration -EnableSMB1Protocol $false

для Win 7.
Set-ItemProperty -Path “HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanServer\Parameters” SMB1 -Type DWORD -Value 0 -Force

PART 1: Remove a Specific Built-in App in Windows 10

PART 1: Remove a Specific Built-in App in Windows 10

You can take help of Get-AppxPackage and Remove-AppxPackage commands to uninstall/remove built-in apps in Windows 10.

Get-AppxPackage command can be used to get a list of all installed modern apps in your computer. Remove-AppxPackage command is used to remove an app from Windows 10 computer.

If you want to remove an app, these commands will require an essential information about that app i.e. PackageFullName (the full package name of the modern app).

So first we’ll need to get the PackageFullName of our desired modern app which we want to remove from our computer.

1. Just run following command in PowerShell to get a list of all installed apps:

Get-AppxPackage

This command will output a long list of all installed apps containing lots of information about each app. But we only need the PackageFullName information of our desired app, so run following filtered command:

Get-AppxPackage | Select Name, PackageFullName

This command will show only the name of the app and its PackageFullName information. Now the output will be easy to read and understand.

2. Now select the PackageFullName information of your desired app and press Enter key to copy it to clipboard.

3. Now to remove the app from your computer, you’ll need to run following command:

Get-AppxPackage PackageFullName | Remove-AppxPackage

In above mentioned command, replace PackageFullName with the copied information from step 2. You can also take help of wildcards (such as *) to make the PackageFullName parameter easy to type.

For example, if you want to remove 3DBuilder app, the command to remove it will be as following:

Get-AppxPackage *3dbuilder* | Remove-AppxPackage

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